CNN en espanol
03/04/2010Claudia Palacios:
Por primera vez el gobierno de Estados Unidos reconoce fallas en la aplicación de una parte de una ley para controlar la inmigración de indocumentados.
Explicación de la ley con Teodoro Mauss, activista de inmigración.
http://www.cnn.com/video/data/2.0/video/ spanish/2010/04/03/WEBinmigra.cnn.html
NY Times02/04/2010
http://www.nytimes.
Report Faults Training of Local Officers in Immigration Enforcement Program
State and local police officers who enforce federal immigration laws are not adequately screened, trained or supervised, and the civil rights of the immigrants they deal with are not consistently protected, according to a report released Friday by the Department of Homeland Security inspector general.
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Times Topic: Immigration and Emigration
The report by the department's internal watchdog was a sweeping review of a program run by Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Through agreements signed with about 60 county and state police forces, the program allows local officers to question immigrants about their legal status and detain them for deportation.
The inspector general's report describes the program as haphazardly administered, with local agencies detaining and prosecuting immigrants with little oversight from federal agents and significant inconsistencies from place to place.
"In the absence of consistent supervision over immigration enforcement activities," the report said, "there is no assurance that the program is achieving its goals."
Top officials at Immigration and Customs Enforcement have said the program's priority is to deport immigrants with serious criminal records. But the inspector general found that the program lacked measures to determine whether immigrants detained by local officers were serious offenders.
Without those measures, the report says, ICE cannot be assured "that resources are being appropriately targeted" toward immigrants "who pose the greatest risk to public safety and community."
The report is based on field inspections in the first six months of last year. In July, ICE officials acknowledged widespread criticism of the program, and asked all participating law enforcement agencies to sign new agreements that clarified its goals. In addition, ICE officials said Friday that they had been aware of the inspector general's findings since last year and had taken an array of steps to address them.
"Since the audit was conducted, ICE has fundamentally reformed the program," said an agency spokesman, Richard Rocha, "strengthening public safety and ensuring consistency in immigration enforcement across the country by prioritizing the arrest and detention of criminal aliens, fulfilling many of the report's recommendations."
The inspector general acknowledged many of the program's improvements. But, the report said, many of the most serious problems remained unresolved.
Based on the report, several immigrant advocate groups on Friday called for the termination of the program, which is commonly known as 287(g), after the clause in immigration law that established it.
The report found that the performance records of local officers were not thoroughly examined before they were allowed to join the program. Without adequate background checks, the report says, the program exposes Department of Homeland Security intelligence systems to "inappropriate or unauthorized access."
Some officers received only cursory training in immigration law, the report found.
"One officer commented that after basic training, he came away with zero knowledge of how to process a case," the report says. Inspectors found that local officers in the program were "not knowledgeable about the asylum process" and other basic tenets of immigration codes.
The report cites the case of an immigrant who had committed no offense but was the victim of a traffic accident. The immigrant was detained by the local police in a county jail until federal agents arrived to check the person's legal status.
The protection of immigrants' civil rights was "not formally included" in the training of local officers, the report found, nor was it taken into account in their performance reviews.
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Corte Suprema desafía ley de deportaciones
Washington DC - La Corte Suprema enfrentó el miércoles en dos casos la estricta ley federal que exige deportar a todas las personas que no sean ciudadanos de EEUU y que hayan sido hallados culpables de un "un delito con agravantes'', aunque hayan vivido legalmente en el país durante décadas.
Los magistrados bloquearon la deportación de un veterano de la guerra de Vietnam que vive en Kentucky, quien se declaró culpable de traficar marihuana, porque su abogado le dijo, erróneamente, que "no tenía que preocuparse por su estatus migratorio'' ya que había vivido legalmente en Estados Unidos 40 años.
También escucharon argumentos sobre si un hombre de Texas podía ser deportado a México por posesión de una píldora del ansiolítico Xanax tras haberse declarado culpable el año anterior de posesión de menos de dos onzas de marihuana. Ambas son delitos menores.
En una decisión de 7 a 2, los magistrados detuvieron la deportación de José Padilla, natural de Honduras, que recibió asesoria jurídica indebida. El tribunal indico que se infringieron sus derechos constitucionales y que merecía una nueva audiencia y posiblemente un nuevo juicio.
La constitución garantiza que "ningún acusado –ciudadano o no- sea dejado a merced de una asesoria jurídica incompetente"
Desde 1996 las leyes federales contemplan la deportación de todas las personas no ciudadanas, aunque hayan vivido en el país durante décadas, si son hallados culpables de ''un delito con agravantes''. Vender marihuana no es un delito mayor.
Los activistas de los derechos de los inmigrantes elogiaron el fallo de Padilla vs. Kentucky. "Estamos encantados de que la Corte Suprema haya reconocido que la deportación es una sanción extrema y que los no ciudadanos tienen un derecho constitucional a asesoría jurídica sobre las consecuencias de declararse culpable'', dijo Michelle Fei, codirectora del Proyecto de Defensa del Inmigrante.
En su opinión, Stevens subrayó el cambio en las ley de inmigración desde 1996. Antes los jueces podían intervenir a favor de un inmigrante que tuviera familia, un trabajo y otros vínculos en el país.
"La drástica medida de deportación o expulsión ahora es prácticamente inevitable para un gran número de personas sin ciudadanía hallados culpables de delitos'' que pueden ser "con agravantes'', dijo Stevens. Por esa razón, un abogado "tiene que informar'' a su cliente sobre el riesgo de deportación antes de declararse culpable, afirmó.
Los magistrados Antonin Scalia y Clarence Thomas no concordaron con la opinión mayoritaria, alegando que la Constitución no exige que abogados defensores ofrezcan asesoría en materia de inmigración.
el,5 El acusado en el caso de Xanax, José Angel Carachuri-Rosendo, nació en México, pero fue a Texas con sus padres cuando tenía tres años. Ha vivido legalmente en Estados Unidos desde 1993. Cumplió 20 días en la cárcel por el caso de marihuana, aunque no fue sancionado por la posesión de la pastilla de Xanax.
el, 5 Sin embargo, en el 2006 las autoridades federales le informaron que sería deportado por los dos delitos de drogas.
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