[RED DEMOCRATICA] CFR.org Daily News Brief, April 14, 2010

 

April 14, 2010 View this newsletter as a web page on CFR's website. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - World Leaders Make Nuclear Pledge - Israel says Syria Gave Hezbollah Missiles - India-Pakistan Dialogue Stalemated - Michelle Obama Visits Mexico, Haiti Top of the Agenda: World Leaders Make Nuclear Pledge U.S. President Barack Obama secured a pledge (WSJ) from forty-six countries to shield the world's nuclear material from terrorists by 2014 at the close of a global summit in Washington. Leaders did not agree to legally binding plans to secure specific amounts of nuclear material or to convert nuclear reactors for highly enriched uranium into lower-grade fuel. The document they signed instead committed to making those conversions voluntarily, where "appropriate" and "feasible." The summit may help Obama press for sanctions against Iran and bolster the nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty at the United Nations next month. Critics were skeptical of Russian President Dmitry Medvedev and Chinese President Hu Jintao's statements that they would cooperate with U.S. efforts on Iran sanctions, as well as the agreement's lack of binding commitments. Obama's strong diplomatic performance (WashPost) at the high-profile conference could improve his stature on unpopular political and economic issues at home. Analysis: In the New Republic, Michael Crowley says, despite some setbacks, Obama's summit achieved concrete steps: Ukraine agreed to surrender ninety kilograms of highly enriched uranium; Canada will return a supply of spent nuclear fuel to the United States; Malaysia will tighten its nuclear controls; and Russia agreed to shut down a plutonium factory. An Economist editorial says after the summit Obama still has to contend with the India-Pakistan rivalry, Israel's non-attendance, and the Iranian nuclear issue. President Obama's Washington summit has spurred progress on global cooperation to secure nuclear materials from theft and has asserted U.S. leadership on a vital issue, says CFR's Paul Stares. Background: This CFR Interactive examines the past, present, and future of nuclear energy. Check out expert analysis and background resources from CFR on nuclear nonproliferation, security, and treaties. MIDDLE EAST: Israel says Syria Gave Hezbollah Missiles U.S. officials say Syria transferred long-range Scud missiles to Lebanese militant group Hezbollah, the Wall Street Journal reports. Israeli President Shimon Peres made this charge publicly Tuesday. Iran: Iran formally complained to the United Nations (AFP) about comments by President Obama that it says threatened nuclear attack against the country. Iran's Revolutionary Guard will likely be the target of UN sanctions that could be ready within weeks, says expert Kenneth Katzman, while Congress focuses on preventing U.S. companies from selling gasoline and refining equipment to Iran. PACIFIC RIM: Kyrgyz Leader Demands Trial for Ousted President Kyrgyz interim president Rosa Otunbayeva called for ousted president Kurmanbek Bakiyev to stand trial (NYT) over the recent deadly unrest that caused him to flee his post. In this podcast, CFR's Evan Feigenbaum says the fundamental challenge facing Kyrgyzstan's interim government "is to restore and sustain order but then set the country back on a path to democracy." China: President Obama sought to defuse tensions over the value of China's currency by ack­now­ledging Chinese sensitivities (FT) about the U.S. push to let the yuan appreciate against the U.S. dollar. This CFR Backgrounder examines the China-U.S. economic imbalance. SOUTH AND CENTRAL ASIA: India-Pakistan Dialogue Stalemated Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh said India would only talk with Pakistan (TimesofIndia) if the country takes "effective" action against those behind the Mumbai attacks. Pakistan: Pakistan's army acknowledged that at least forty-five civilians died (WSJ) in a military air strike targeting Taliban leaders last weekend. AFRICA: Sudan Ruling Party Offers Opposition Posts Four days into presidential and legislative elections, Sudan's ruling party said it would invite opposition groups (Reuters) to join the government if it won elections. This Center for Preventive Action Contingency Planning Memo presents the likely triggers of renewed civil war in Sudan and discusses the U.S. policy options for preventing it from happening and mitigating its consequences. Nigeria: Nigerian acting president Goodluck Jonathan said he has not spoken (BBC) to ailing President Umaru Yar'Adua in five months. AMERICAS: Michelle Obama Visits Mexico U.S. First Lady Michelle Obama stopped in Mexico en route to Haiti (NYT), focusing her attention on Mexican youth, prime victims in Mexico's ongoing drug war. Brazil: Chinese President Hu Jintao arrived in Brazil (WSJ) for a summit of the so-called BRIC countries, where business and political leaders are aiming to strengthen ties with China. EUROPE: Obama to Attend Polish President's Funeral President Obama will attend the funeral (BBC) of Polish President Lech Kaczynski, killed in an air crash last weekend. The date of the next presidential election will soon be announced. EU: European parliament may consider a new approach (FT) to regulating hedge funds and private equity funds that would allay U.S. concerns about regulatory protectionism. TRANSNATIONAL: OPEC Cautious on Oil Demand, Supply In its monthly oil market report, OPEC maintained a cautious view (WSJ) about world oil demand and did not indicate that it would increase the supply of oil to accommodate for recent price raises.

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